1. Socio-Economic Differentials in Formal Childcare – Does Availability of (in)Formal Care Explain Differential Uptake? • Naomi Biegel , University of Antwerp; Julie Maes , University of Antwerp; Karel Neels , University of Antwerp.

2. What's Best for Children? The Norm of Intensive Parenting, Its Socio-Economic Determinants and Possible Consequences for Childbearing Aspirations • Marta Bryzek , Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw; Magda Marcinkowska, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw; Monika Mynarska , Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw; Dominika Karas, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw.

3. Formal Childcare Uptake of Native and Second Generation Parents in Belgium: Do Local Childcare Expansions Narrow Migrant-Native Uptake Gaps? • Julie Maes , University of Antwerp; Karel Neels , University of Antwerp; Naomi Biegel , University of Antwerp; Jonas Wood , University of Antwerp.

4. Who Cares? Is Grandparental Childcare Crowded Out by the Expansion of Formal Daycare Services? Evidence for West Germany • Clara Schaeper , BSE/DIW Berlin; Ludovica Gambaro, University of London; C. Katharina Spieß , Federal Institute for Population Research (BiB) and Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz.